Asynchronous Transfer Mode ATM
Technologies
The Asynchronous Transfer Mode ATM is a multiplexing technique that makes optimal and flexible use of the bandwidth of modern transmission links. ATM should not be confused with PDH or SDH transmission techniques. Asynchronous Transfer Mode ATM defines how the available bandwidth of a transmission medium is used. It is a statistical time division multiplex method.
Its essential features are:
- Packets (cells) of constant length (53 bytes)
- Cells comprising a 5-byte header and a 48-byte payload
- No error control for user data
- Supports virtually all PDH and SDH tributary bit rates (from 1.5 Mbit/s)
- Based on SDH networks for public use, otherwise also cell based
- Suitable for all useful signals (video, voice, data) and transmission modes (connection-oriented, connectionless, constant bit rate, burst mode, variable bit rate)
Quality of Service (QoS) is one of the main features of ATM (Asynchronous Transfer Mode). Apart from variable bandwidth utilization, the customer (user) can, for the first time, order and pay only for the quality he really needs for his telecommunication service.
Only ATM can handle QoS in such a flexible and comprehensive way. In addition, work is in progress to extend the IP protocol to include QoS aspects for LAN applications (RSVP, Resource Reservation Protocol, IP V6 (next IP version)).
SDH is the optical transport layer in wide area networks. This layer makes use of containers, which allows the highly flexible and secure transmission of any kind of telecommunication signal. SDH technology is the successor to PDH technology. Before SDH (synchronous digital hierarchy) was standardized and introduced, PDH (plesiochronous digital hierarchy), which is still being used, was state of the art.
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